Circulation:

Output: BP , pleth , pulse
Heart: ECG (rate rhythm etc)
Preload: Fluids IN / OUT / CVP

Description:

• Assess cardiac output using BP, pulse oximeter plethysmograph, pulse volume, etc.

• Heart: For the heart itself look at the ECG  (Rate, rhythm ,ischemia).

• Assess preload.  Note fluid INPUT and OUTPUT (e.g. blood loss). If available, check CVP.

Notes:

1. Arterial blood analysis, esophageal doppler, transesophageal echo, and Swans might also be used to assess these and other parameters.

2. In obstetrics , include circulation to the baby.

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