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Henderson Hasselbalch equation
pH = pKa + log BASE / ACID

For bicarbonate system:
pH = 6.1 + log HCO3- / CO2

 
-HCO3 or CO2 on the top or bottom ?

Bicarbonate is alkaline and therefore increases pH.

Increased bicarbonate increases pH, so bicarbonate is on top

pH = 6.1 + log HCO3- / CO2
 

Reference: Steve Yentis et al. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care A - Z, II Edition. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, 2000, 254.

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